— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
哪些評估結果顯示嚴重的鋰鹽（Lithium）中毒？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings are indicative of severe lithium toxicity? (Select all that apply.)
- ACoarse tremors✓ 正解粗大震顫
- BConfusion and sedation✓ 正解意識混亂與嗜睡
- CAtaxia and incoordination✓ 正解步態不穩與協調不良
- DPolyuria and polydipsia多尿與多飲
- ETinnitus or blurred vision✓ 正解耳鳴或視力模糊
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鋰鹽治療指數窄，中毒症狀隨濃度升高而惡化。粗震顫（Coarse tremors）、混亂、步態不穩（Ataxia）及視力模糊皆為嚴重毒性表現。多尿與渴感（Polyuria/polydipsia）屬於常見的治療副作用，而非嚴重中毒指標。
Lithium has a narrow therapeutic index, and toxicity symptoms worsen as the serum level rises. Coarse tremors, confusion, ataxia, and blurred vision all reflect severe toxicity. Polyuria and polydipsia are common therapeutic side effects, not indicators of severe toxicity.
✦ 台美臨床差異
鋰鹽監測在兩地皆重視血中濃度（Trough level），但臨床上台灣護理師對於早期症狀的觀察與教育更為細緻。