護理師與懷孕第一孕期的孕婦討論營養需求。應包含哪些建議？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is discussing nutrition with a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. Which recommendations should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease folic acid intake to 400–800 mcg daily✓ 正解每日將葉酸攝取量增加至 400–800 mcg
- BConsume 200 mg of caffeine daily to reduce fatigue每日攝取 200 mg 咖啡因以減少疲勞
- CAvoid consumption of raw or undercooked fish✓ 正解避免食用生或未煮熟的魚
- DIncrease caloric intake by 500 calories per day每日增加 500 卡路里熱量攝取
- EEnsure intake of iron-rich foods to prevent anemia✓ 正解確保攝取富含鐵的食物以預防貧血
懷孕第一孕期重點為補充葉酸以預防神經管缺陷，並透過鐵質預防貧血。生食可能導致李斯特菌感染，應避免。每天攝取 200mg 咖啡因需限制，非建議。第一孕期熱量需求尚未明顯增加，增加 500 大卡過多，通常建議中期再增加。
The first trimester of pregnancy focuses on folic acid supplementation to prevent neural tube defects and iron intake to prevent anemia. Raw foods may cause Listeria infection and should be avoided. Caffeine intake should be limited to less than 200 mg per day and is not recommended for promotion. Caloric requirements do not increase significantly in the first trimester, so adding 500 calories is excessive; an increase is generally recommended in the second trimester.
台灣產檢文化較依賴醫師給予飲食建議，美國護理師或助產士在孕期衛教諮詢中角色更為明確。