— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導病人關於預防動脈粥狀硬化的心臟健康行為。應包含哪些？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a patient on heart-healthy behaviors to prevent atherosclerosis. Which of the following should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- ASmoking cessation✓ 正解戒菸
- BDaily aerobic exercise✓ 正解每日進行有氧運動
- CIncreased intake of saturated fats增加飽和脂肪攝取
- DManaging high blood pressure✓ 正解控制高血壓
- EMaintaining a healthy body weight✓ 正解維持健康體重
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防動脈粥狀硬化策略包括：戒菸（減少血管受損）、有氧運動（提升心肺功能與膽固醇代謝）、控制血壓（減少血管壓力）、維持理想體重（降低代謝負擔）。C 錯誤：應限制飽和脂肪，因其會提高 LDL 並加速血管硬化。
Strategies to prevent atherosclerosis include smoking cessation (reducing vascular injury), aerobic exercise (improving cardiopulmonary function and cholesterol metabolism), blood pressure control (reducing vascular stress), and maintaining ideal body weight (lowering metabolic burden). C is incorrect: saturated fat intake should be limited, as it raises LDL and accelerates vascular hardening.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床醫師與營養師對於「飽和脂肪」與「反式脂肪」的衛教非常重視，民眾認知已大幅提升。