病人出現寒顫與發燒。最合適的護理措施為何？
A client is experiencing chills and fever. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
- AApply a cold ice pack to the forehead在前額敷冷冰袋
- BAdminister an antipyretic as prescribed✓ 正解依處方給藥退燒藥
- CIncrease the environmental humidity增加環境濕度
- DRemove all clothing to help cool the body移除所有衣物以幫助降溫
發燒是身體啟動免疫反應的過程，但當病人處於寒顫（Chills）階段，表示體溫調節中樞正在向上調整「設定點（Set point）」，此時身體會透過肌肉顫抖來產熱。給予解熱藥物（Antipyretic）可降低設定點，是治療發燒的基礎。臨床上需觀察寒顫階段的代謝需求，若貿然進行物理降溫（如冰敷），會引發強烈的寒顫反應，導致代謝耗氧量激增，增加心肺負擔。
Fever is part of the body's immune response. When the client is in the chills phase, the thermoregulatory center is raising its 'set point' upward, and the body generates heat through muscle shivering. Administering an antipyretic lowers the set point and is the foundation of fever management. Clinically, the metabolic demands of the chills phase must be considered; physical cooling measures (such as ice packs) applied prematurely can trigger intense shivering, dramatically increasing metabolic oxygen consumption and adding burden to the cardiopulmonary system.