甲狀腺切除術後，哪項評估結果代表可能出現併發症？
Which assessment finding would indicate a potential complication in a client following a thyroidectomy?
- APain at the incision site切口部位疼痛
- BHoarseness that resolves within 24 hours24小時內緩解的聲音嘶啞
- CTingling in the fingers and toes✓ 正解手指和腳趾的刺痛感
- DModerate serosanguinous drainage中度漿液血性引流
甲狀腺切除術（Thyroidectomy）是一種常見的手術，用於治療甲狀腺功能亢進、甲狀腺腫瘤或甲狀腺結節。雖然手術通常安全，但術後可能出現一些併發症，其中最主要且需要護理師密切監測的是副甲狀腺功能低下（Hypoparathyroidism）和喉返神經損傷。副甲狀腺位於甲狀腺周圍，負責分泌副甲狀腺素（parathyroid hormone, PTH），調節血鈣濃度。術中若不慎損傷或切除副甲狀腺，會導致 PTH 分泌不足，進而引起低血鈣（Hypocalcemia）。低血鈣可能引發嚴重的神經肌肉症狀，甚至危及生命。因此，護理師需熟悉這些潛在併發症的早期徵兆。
Thyroidectomy is a common surgery used to treat hyperthyroidism, thyroid tumors, or thyroid nodules. Although generally safe, certain postoperative complications may arise, the principal of which the nurse must closely monitor are hypoparathyroidism and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. The parathyroid glands lie around the thyroid and secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates serum calcium. If the parathyroids are inadvertently damaged or removed during surgery, PTH secretion drops, leading to hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia can cause severe neuromuscular symptoms and may even be life-threatening. Therefore the nurse must be familiar with the early signs of these potential complications.
甲狀腺切除術後的護理重點，包括監測出血、呼吸道阻塞和低血鈣，在美國和台灣的臨床實踐中是高度一致的。兩地護理師都會密切觀察病人的聲音變化、呼吸狀況和低血鈣徵兆（如 Chvostek's sign 和 Trousseau's sign）。在低血鈣的治療上，兩地均會使用靜脈或口服鈣劑補充。然而，在術後疼痛管理方面，美國對於鴉片類藥物的處方可能更為普遍，而台灣則可能更傾向於多模式止痛（multimodal analgesia），並在鴉片類藥物使用上較為謹慎。但對於低血鈣的警覺性則無差異。