一位有腹水（ascites）的病人。優先護理措施為何？
A nurse is caring for a client with ascites. What priority nursing action should be implemented?
- AIncrease daily fluid intake增加每日液體攝取量
- BMonitor abdominal girth✓ 正解監測腹圍
- CAdminister high-sodium fluids給予高鈉液體
- DEncourage bed rest at all times鼓勵隨時卧床休息
腹水（Ascites）病人因肝硬化或心衰竭導致血管內滲透壓下降或靜水壓升高，液體滲漏至腹腔。護理重點在於監測液體滯留狀況，監測「腹圍」（Abdominal girth）是評估腹水增加量最簡單且有效的非侵入性指標。此外，病人需限制鈉攝取與液體攝取，以避免水腫加重。定期評估呼吸狀況（因為腹水可能壓迫橫膈膜導致呼吸困難）也至關重要。
Clients with ascites accumulate fluid in the peritoneal cavity due to decreased intravascular osmotic pressure or increased hydrostatic pressure, often from cirrhosis or heart failure. Nursing focuses on monitoring fluid retention, and measuring abdominal girth is the simplest, most effective non-invasive indicator of ascites accumulation. Additionally, the client must limit sodium and fluid intake to prevent worsening edema. Regular assessment of respiratory status is also important, as ascites may compress the diaphragm and cause dyspnea.