護理師確保病人隱私應採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
Which actions are appropriate for a nurse to ensure client privacy? (Select all that apply.)
- AClosing the privacy curtain during bedside procedures✓ 正解在床邊處置時拉上隱私簾
- BDiscussing lab results in the crowded elevator在擁擠的電梯中討論檢驗結果
- CLogging off the computer before walking away✓ 正解離開前登出電腦
- DEnsuring client charts are kept face down✓ 正解確保病人病歷朝下放置
- EAsking a nursing student to observe only if the client consents✓ 正解僅在病人同意的情況下，請護理學生觀察
隱私保護是醫療照護的基石，受 HIPAA（健康保險流通與責任法案）規範。護理師應在日常作業中主動採取防護措施，包括物理環境的隔離（如拉簾）、數位資訊的保護（如登出電腦）以及紙本病歷的掩蓋。此外，尊重病人的自主權（Autonomy），在臨床教學或觀察時必須徵求病人同意，這些都是維護病人尊嚴與法律權利的必要行為。
Privacy protection is a cornerstone of healthcare and is regulated by HIPAA. The nurse should proactively implement protective measures in daily practice, including physical environmental separation (such as closing the privacy curtain), protection of digital information (such as logging off the computer), and shielding paper charts. In addition, respecting the client's autonomy by obtaining consent before clinical observation or teaching is essential for maintaining the client's dignity and legal rights.
美國非常嚴格執行 HIPAA 規範，違規可能面臨法律後果；台灣同樣重視隱私，但醫療環境較為開放，護理師需特別注意在護理站討論病況時，是否可能被訪客或未相關人員聽到。