— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在照護一位新診斷庫欣氏症候群（Cushing's syndrome）的病人。哪項發現最可能與皮質醇過量有關？
A nurse is caring for a client with newly diagnosed Cushing's syndrome. Which finding is most likely related to the excess cortisol?
- AWeight loss體重減輕
- BMoon face and buffalo hump✓ 正解滿月臉和水牛背
- CBradycardia心搏過慢
- DHypoglycemia低血糖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
庫欣氏症候群是由於長期皮質醇（cortisol）過量，導致身體脂肪重新分布，常見於臉部（滿月臉 Moon face）和軀幹（水牛背 Buffalo hump）。皮質醇升高也會導致血糖升高（hyperglycemia），而非低血糖；可能引起高血壓，而非心搏過慢；體重增加，而非減輕。
Cushing's syndrome is caused by chronic cortisol excess, which leads to redistribution of body fat, commonly seen in the face (moon face) and trunk (buffalo hump). Elevated cortisol also causes hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia, may cause hypertension rather than bradycardia, and produces weight gain rather than weight loss.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國的內分泌科醫師會透過標準化的檢驗（如 24 小時尿液游離皮質醇）診斷庫欣氏症候群；台灣的診斷流程也相似，但病人接受影像學檢查的時機可能因健保給付與醫院政策而有差異。