— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些跡象顯示照護者可能出現「照護者耗竭」？（選所有適合的）
Which signs or symptoms indicate a client may be experiencing caregiver burnout? (Select all that apply.)
- APersistent fatigue and sleep disturbances✓ 正解持續性疲勞與睡眠障礙
- BSocial withdrawal from friends and hobbies✓ 正解與朋友和嗜好社交隔離
- CIncreased patience and empathy toward the care recipient對被照顧者增加耐心與同理心
- DFeelings of resentment toward the care recipient✓ 正解對被照顧者感到怨恨
- EFrequent irritability and outbursts of anger✓ 正解經常易怒與發脾氣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
照護者耗竭常見表現包含生理（極度疲憊、失眠）、心理（易怒、憤怒、挫折）、社交（孤立自己）等面向。照護者通常會對被照護者產生厭惡感，這反映了長期照顧壓力下的情緒崩潰。選項 C 提到的耐心增加，通常是與耗竭相反的表現，故為錯誤。
Caregiver burnout commonly manifests across physical (extreme fatigue, insomnia), psychological (irritability, anger, frustration), and social (self-isolation) dimensions. Caregivers often develop feelings of resentment toward the care recipient, reflecting emotional breakdown under prolonged caregiving stress. Option C, increased patience, generally represents the opposite of burnout and is therefore incorrect.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國長期照顧資源相對多元（如 Respite Care），台灣則常高度依賴家庭成員，照護者耗竭比例極高且支持系統較薄弱。