— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一名 45 歲病人因廣泛性焦慮症入院，主訴持續擔憂與肌肉緊繃。下列哪項評估結果符合此診斷？
A 45-year-old client is admitted with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder. The client reports persistent worrying and muscle tension. Which assessment finding is consistent with this diagnosis?
- AFlashbacks related to a past traumatic event與過去創傷事件相關的閃回
- BObsessive checking of door locks強迫性地檢查門鎖
- CInability to focus on daily tasks✓ 正解無法專注於日常任務
- DFrequent episodes of irrational fear of heights頻繁出現對高度的非理性恐懼
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
廣泛性焦慮症（GAD）的主要特徵是對於日常生活事件有過度的焦慮與擔憂，持續至少六個月。這種持續的心理不安會導致注意力難以集中、易疲倦、睡眠障礙及肌肉緊繃。其他選項描述的是特定恐懼症、創傷後壓力症候群或強迫症的典型表現，並非 GAD 的核心病理。
Difficulty concentrating is a hallmark cognitive symptom of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), which is characterized by excessive worry and muscle tension lasting at least six months. Flashbacks are associated with PTSD, repetitive checking with OCD, and irrational fears of specific objects with phobias, none of which define GAD.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆以 DSM-5 為診斷基準，差異在於美國護理師常參與行為治療的帶領，台灣則多專注於藥物順從性與生活適應。