下列哪種狀況需要護理師填寫異常事件報告？
Which situation requires the nurse to file an incident report?
- AA nurse discovers that a medication was administered to the wrong client✓ 正解護理師發現藥物誤給其他病人
- BA client falls while being assisted by a nurse病人在護理師協助下跌倒
- CA client refuses to take their prescribed antibiotic病人拒絕服用處方抗生素
- DA client reports that their meal was served cold病人抱怨餐點溫度過冷
事件報告（Incident Report）的目的是用於品質改善，針對發生「非預期」且可能導致病人傷害的醫療疏失或風險事件。A 項給藥錯誤屬於嚴重的系統性疏失，必須立即通報。注意：C 項拒絕服藥是病人權利，非事件；B 項雖然跌倒需要通報，但給藥錯誤屬於更高風險的醫療流程失誤。在選擇題中，給藥錯誤是絕對的事件報告範疇。
The purpose of an incident report is quality improvement and is used for unexpected medical errors or risk events that may cause patient harm. Option A, administration of a medication to the wrong client, represents a serious systemic error that must be reported immediately. Note: option C, refusal to take medication, is a patient right and not an incident; option B, a fall, must also be reported, but a medication error represents a higher-risk failure in the medication process. On the examination, a medication error is the absolute incident report scenario.
美國醫院有嚴格的 Incident Reporting (如 VS, PSN 等系統)；台灣各醫院則多使用醫療品質通報系統（如 TPR），要求一致。