— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位有氣喘病史的病人。下列哪種藥物應避免使用，以免誘發支氣管痙攣？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of asthma. Which medication should be avoided as it may trigger bronchospasms?
- AAlbuterol沙丁胺醇
- BAcetaminophen乙醯胺酚
- CPropranolol✓ 正解普萘洛爾
- DLisinopril培哚普利
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
非選擇性 Beta 阻斷劑（如 Propranolol）會阻斷支氣管的 Beta-2 受體，引起支氣管收縮，進而誘發氣喘發作，因此氣喘病人應避免使用。Acetaminophen 可作為安全替代止痛藥，Albuterol 是氣喘用藥，Lisinopril 屬 ACEI 类藥物，主要副作用為乾咳，但非直接誘發痙攣。
Nonselective beta blockers (such as propranolol) block bronchial beta-2 receptors, causing bronchoconstriction and potentially triggering an asthma attack, and should therefore be avoided in clients with asthma. Acetaminophen is a safe alternative analgesic, albuterol is an asthma medication, and lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor whose main side effect is a dry cough rather than direct bronchospasm.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地醫師對於氣喘病人開立藥物時，均有高度警覺避免非選擇性 Beta 阻斷劑。