— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師提供中性球低下病人的飲食衛教，應包含哪些內容？
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with a neutropenic diet. What should the nurse include?
- AWash hands with cold water only僅用冷水洗手
- BEat yogurt with active cultures食用含有活性菌的優格
- CStore leftovers for up to 5 days將剩餘食物保存最多5天
- DAvoid fresh fruits and raw vegetables✓ 正解避免食用新鮮水果和生蔬菜
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
中性球低下（Neutropenic）病人因免疫力極低，需採取保護性飲食，避免攝取含細菌的生食，如新鮮水果與生菜。Yogurt 中的活菌對這類病人有感染風險。剩菜建議盡速食用，不可放 5 天。洗手無冷熱水限制，重點在於清潔完整。
Clients with neutropenia have compromised immune systems and require a neutropenic diet that excludes fresh fruits and raw vegetables to minimize exposure to potential pathogens. Additionally, foods containing active cultures, such as yogurt, should be avoided due to the risk of infection from live bacteria.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對中性球低下飲食的規範相似，均強調生食避免與食物保存安全。