— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈輸注氯化鉀，哪項安全防護措施是必要的？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously. Which precaution is essential for patient safety?
- AMonitor the site for signs of hematoma監測注射部位是否有血腫跡象
- BVerify that the medication is diluted and infused via a pump✓ 正解確認藥物已稀釋並透過幫浦輸注
- CAdminister as an IV bolus to ensure rapid correction作為靜脈推注以確保快速糾正
- DAssess the client's ability to swallow before starting開始前評估病人的吞嚥能力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀（Potassium Chloride）是一種高警訊藥物（High-alert medication）。由於鉀離子直接進入血液會對血管壁產生強烈刺激，且濃度過高會引起心律不整甚至心跳停止，因此必須嚴格遵守給藥原則：必須充分稀釋，且絕對禁止靜脈推注（IV bolus）。使用輸液幫浦（Infusion pump）是確保給藥速度穩定、避免濃度劇烈變化的必要措施。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication that must always be diluted and administered via an infusion pump to prevent life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and tissue necrosis. Intravenous bolus administration is strictly contraindicated as it can cause cardiac arrest. While monitoring the site is important, ensuring proper dilution and controlled infusion rates are the primary safety priorities.