— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導個案如何預防夏季熱相關疾病。哪些建議是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about preventing heat-related illnesses during summer. Which suggestions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- ADrink fluids regularly, even if not thirsty✓ 正解定期補充液體，即使不覺得口渴
- BWear lightweight, light-colored clothing✓ 正解穿著輕薄、淺色的衣物
- CLimit outdoor activity during midday✓ 正解限制中午時段的戶外活動
- DIncrease caffeine intake to stay alert增加咖啡因攝取以保持警覺
- EStay in air-conditioned environments when possible✓ 正解盡量待在冷氣環境中
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
夏季高溫容易引發熱衰竭（heat exhaustion）與中暑（heat stroke）。預防措施的重點在於：水分補充（定時飲水，不應等到口渴才喝）、環境控制（冷氣房）、物理降溫（穿著淺色、輕便、透氣衣物）、以及減少戶外暴露（避開中午烈日）。咖啡因與酒精具有利尿作用，會加速脫水，應避免在夏季高溫時大量攝取。
Preventing heat-related illness involves drinking fluids regularly before thirst sets in, wearing lightweight light-colored clothing to reflect heat, limiting outdoor activity during peak sun hours, and staying in air-conditioned environments. Caffeine should be avoided as its diuretic effect can worsen dehydration.