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健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ

護理師評估懷孕婦女的健康促進,哪項營養素對於預防神經管缺陷至關重要?

A nurse is assessing a pregnant client for health promotion. Which nutrient is critical to prevent neural tube defects?

  • AVitamin C
    維生素 C
  • BFolic acid✓ 正解
    葉酸
  • CIron
  • DVitamin B12
    維生素 B12
Explanation · 中文詳解

神經管缺陷(Neural Tube Defects, NTDs)如脊柱裂(Spina bifida)與無腦症,主要發生在懷孕初期(受孕後前 28 天)。葉酸(Folic acid)作為維生素 B9,是 DNA 合成與細胞分裂的關鍵輔酶。臨床實證顯示,育齡婦女在懷孕前與懷孕初期補充適量葉酸,能顯著降低胎兒發生 NTDs 的風險。護理師應衛教個案在備孕階段即開始補充,而非僅在懷孕後。

Folic acid is critical for preventing neural tube defects such as spina bifida, particularly during the first 28 days of pregnancy; nurses should educate clients to begin supplementation before conception to ensure adequate levels during early fetal development.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國,產前照護極度強調「 preconception care(孕前照護)」,建議所有育齡婦女每日補充 400-800 mcg 葉酸。台灣臨床常在確診懷孕後才開始衛教補充,美國則更強調在備孕期即需介入。

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