— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 25 歲患有恐慌症的病人出現心悸、呼吸急促，且自述害怕「快要瘋掉」。護理師應採取之優先護理措施為何？
A 25-year-old client with a history of panic disorder reports sudden palpitations, shortness of breath, and a fear of 'going crazy.' What is the priority nursing intervention?
- AEncourage the client to discuss the source of their anxiety鼓勵客戶討論焦慮的來源
- BStay with the client and provide calm, clear, simple communication✓ 正解陪伴客戶並以平靜、清晰、簡單的語言溝通
- CAdminister the prescribed PRN anxiolytic medication給予處方備用（PRN）的抗焦慮藥物
- DInstruct the client to breathe into a paper bag指示客戶用紙袋呼吸
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
恐慌發作時病人極度恐懼且對環境失去控制感。護理師留守身旁提供穩定與安全感是第一優先事項，能有效降低焦慮水平。D 選項已不建議使用（易導致缺氧）；C 選項需醫師醫囑且非絕對優先；A 選項在發作當下病人無法進行理性思考或分析焦慮原因，應延後進行。
The priority intervention during a panic attack is to stay with the client and provide calm, simple communication to ensure safety and reduce anxiety. Clients are often unable to process complex information or discuss triggers during an acute episode, and paper bag breathing is no longer recommended due to hypoxia risks.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美護理實務皆強調急性期陪伴的重要性，但在心理衛生領域，台灣護理師較常協助醫師進行監控，美國則有更多獨立執行非藥物焦慮處置的權限。