— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位長期臥床病人，下列哪些措施有助於預防骨骼肌肉併發症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is immobile. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for preventing musculoskeletal complications? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform passive range-of-motion exercises✓ 正解執行被動關節活動度運動
- BMaintain the client in a side-lying position at all times使病人維持於側臥姿勢
- CUse a footboard to prevent foot drop✓ 正解使用足板以防止足下垂
- DEncourage weight-bearing exercises if permitted✓ 正解若獲許可，鼓勵負重運動
- EProvide frequent position changes every two hours✓ 正解每兩小時提供頻繁的姿勢更換
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
長期臥床病人極易發生骨骼肌肉併發症，如關節攣縮（Contractures）、肌肉萎縮（Atrophy）及足下垂（Foot drop）。護理介入的核心在於透過主動或被動運動維持關節活動度（ROM），並運用輔具防止畸形，同時透過負重運動與定時翻身促進血液循環與骨質健康。此類問題需優先考量病人的功能維持與預防不可逆的失能。
Preventing musculoskeletal complications in immobile clients involves maintaining joint mobility through passive range-of-motion exercises and encouraging weight-bearing activities when permitted. Interventions also include using devices like footboards to prevent deformities and frequent repositioning to support circulation and bone health.