— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備餵食一位吞嚥障礙的病人，首要的安全措施是什麼？
A nurse is preparing to feed a client with dysphagia. What is the priority safety measure?
- AFeed the client as quickly as possible盡可能快速地餵食病人
- BEnsure the client is sitting at a 90-degree angle✓ 正解確保病人處於 90 度坐姿
- CProvide thin liquids first先提供稀薄液體
- DKeep the client in a supine position讓病人保持仰臥姿勢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
吞嚥障礙病人進食首重姿勢（姿勢正確可降低吸入風險）。90 度直立姿勢（High-Fowler's）能協助食物順利進入食道。平躺（Supine）極易導致吸入；快速餵食無法確認是否吞下；稀薄液體最易誤吸，通常需稠化處理。
Feeding clients with dysphagia begins with proper positioning (correct posture reduces aspiration risk). A 90-degree upright position (high-Fowler's) helps food pass smoothly into the esophagus. A supine position greatly increases the risk of aspiration; rapid feeding does not allow time to verify swallowing; and thin liquids are most easily aspirated and usually require thickening.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理指引對稠度要求極嚴，台灣近年也推行吞嚥障礙飲食規範（IDDSI），兩地趨向一致。