— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位強迫症（OCD）個案每天花數小時檢查門鎖。在住院初期，最合適的護理目標為何？
A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) spends several hours daily checking locks. During the early stage of hospitalization, what is the most appropriate initial nursing goal?
- AAllow the ritual initially while gradually limiting the time spent✓ 正解初期允許儀式行為，並逐漸限制花費的時間
- BDirect the client to engage in high-energy physical activities指示個案從事高強度的體育活動
- CImmediately stop the ritualistic behavior to prevent habit reinforcement立即停止儀式行為以防止習慣強化
- DConfront the client regarding the irrationality of the behavior針對個案行為的非理性進行對峙
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
強迫症（OCD）個案的強迫行為是為了緩解強迫意念帶來的焦慮。住院初期，病人對環境感到陌生且焦慮感高，強迫行為是其主要的防衛機制。若強行中斷，會導致病人極度焦慮甚至產生敵對行為。護理目標應從建立治療性關係（Therapeutic relationship）開始，允許行為但透過限時方式，慢慢引導病人參與其他活動。
In the early stages of hospitalization, allowing the client to perform rituals while gradually limiting the time spent on them helps maintain the therapeutic relationship and reduces severe anxiety. Abruptly stopping these behaviors can trigger intense distress and damage trust, whereas a gradual approach supports adaptation and eventual behavioral modification.