一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，主訴心悸與顫抖。對於處理個案目前的生理焦慮表現，下列哪項護理措施最合適？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with reports of palpitations and trembling. Which initial nursing intervention is most appropriate for managing the client's current physiological manifestations of anxiety?
- AAdminister an as-needed benzodiazepine給予處方上需要的苯二氮平類藥物
- BTeach the client deep breathing techniques✓ 正解教導病人深呼吸技巧
- CEncourage the client to talk about the source of anxiety鼓勵病人談論焦慮的來源
- DRefer the client to a support group轉介病人至支持團體
面對急性焦慮症狀，首重穩定生理狀態。深呼吸練習能直接活化副交感神經，對抗交感神經亢進所導致的心悸與顫抖，此為最即時且非侵入性的護理干預。藥物給予需醫師處方，且屬後續治療；深入討論焦慮來源會增加個案心理負擔；轉介支持團體屬長期計畫。
Deep breathing techniques are the most appropriate initial intervention because they directly activate the parasympathetic nervous system to counteract sympathetic arousal, thereby reducing palpitations and trembling. This non-invasive method stabilizes physiological symptoms before addressing psychological triggers or considering pharmacological options.
美台兩國護理師在處理急性焦慮時，皆優先使用非藥物干預，但美國護理師更常主導呼吸治療課程的教導。