— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師評估一位剛被診斷為憂鬱症的青少年，哪種觀察最能強烈暗示其有自殘風險？
A nurse is interviewing an adolescent who was recently diagnosed with depression. Which observation by the nurse most strongly indicates a risk for self-harm?
- AThe client begins to give away cherished personal belongings✓ 正解病人開始贈送珍愛的個人物品
- BThe client reports sleeping more than 12 hours a day病人報告每天睡眠超過 12 小時
- CThe client refuses to attend school for three days病人拒絕上學三天
- DThe client expresses feelings of worthlessness and sadness病人表達無價值感和悲傷情緒
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
憂鬱症病人若突然整理物品並贈與親友，常被視為自殺計畫的具體徵兆之一，顯示個案已在為「離開」做準備。D 與 B 是憂鬱症常見症狀，雖需警覺，但不及 A 具有行動意圖的急迫性。C 屬於社會功能退縮，雖為警訊，但比起贈送珍貴物品，自殺風險預測力較低。
Giving away cherished personal belongings is a classic behavioral warning sign that an individual may be planning suicide and preparing to leave. While other options reflect depressive symptoms, this specific action indicates a higher immediate risk for self-harm requiring urgent intervention.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均極度重視自殺風險評估，台灣針對青少年憂鬱常結合學校輔導系統，美國則多與社區精神衛生中心銜接。