— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人正經中心靜脈導管接受全靜脈營養（TPN）輸注。護理師發現營養袋已空，且藥局尚未送來下一袋。護理師優先採取哪項行動？
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) through a central venous catheter. The nurse notes the TPN bag is empty and the pharmacy has not yet delivered the next bag. What is the priority nursing action?
- AAssess the patient for signs of hyperglycemia評估病人是否有高血糖跡象
- BHang a bag of 10% dextrose in water✓ 正解掛上 10% 葡萄糖水袋
- CNotify the provider to order more TPN通知醫師開立更多全靜脈營養（TPN）
- DFlush the line with normal saline以生理食鹽水沖洗管路
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全靜脈營養（TPN）含有高濃度的葡萄糖與營養成分，病人的胰臟已適應這種高糖環境而大量分泌胰島素。若TPN突然中斷，高胰島素水平會導致反彈性低血糖（Rebound hypoglycemia）。因此，護理師應立即給予含有葡萄糖的溶液（如D10W）以維持血中葡萄糖濃度，直到下一袋TPN送達，這是預防低血糖休克的生命安全措施。
Hanging 10% dextrose in water prevents rebound hypoglycemia caused by the abrupt cessation of high-glucose TPN. This immediate intervention maintains blood glucose levels while the insulin response normalizes, protecting the client from shock.