— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為 3 歲幼兒滴耳藥時，應採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform when administering ear drops to a 3-year-old child? (Select all that apply.)
- APull the pinna upward and backward向上和向後拉耳廓
- BPull the pinna downward and backward✓ 正解向下和向後拉耳廓
- CEnsure the medication is at room temperature✓ 正解確保藥物室溫
- DMassage the tragus gently after administration✓ 正解給藥後輕輕按摩耳屏
- EPlace the child in a prone position for 10 minutes讓兒童俯臥 10 分鐘
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對 3 歲以下幼兒，耳道解剖構造與成人不同，必須將耳廓向後下牽拉（downward and backward）使藥液進入耳道。藥水需回溫以防冷刺激引起頭暈。滴藥後輕按耳屏可幫助藥液流入。選項 A 為成人手法，選項 E 姿勢錯誤。
For toddlers younger than 3 years old, the anatomy of the ear canal differs from that of an adult; the pinna must be pulled downward and backward to allow medication to enter the canal. The medication should be warmed to room temperature to prevent dizziness from cold stimulation. After instillation, gently massaging the tragus helps the medication flow into the canal. Option A is the adult technique, and option E is an incorrect position.
✦ 台美臨床差異
操作標準一致，皆遵循兒科解剖學給藥指引。