— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人在急診室發生恐慌發作，護理師的首要行動為何？
A client is experiencing a panic attack in the emergency department. Which action by the nurse is the priority?
- AEncourage the client to talk about their fears鼓勵病人談論其恐懼
- BTeach the client deep breathing techniques教導病人深呼吸技巧
- CStay with the client and provide a calm environment✓ 正解陪伴病人並提供安靜的環境
- DAdminister an as-needed sedative給予按需使用的鎮靜劑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
恐慌發作（Panic attack）時，病人會經歷強烈的生理恐懼與現實感喪失。護理師的第一優先行動是確保病人的安全與穩定，而「陪伴」是給予病人安全感與安撫最直接的方式。保持安靜、低刺激的環境能協助病人降低過度亢奮的交感神經反應。在病人情緒激動時，教導呼吸技巧或談論壓力源往往無效，必須先穩定情緒，才能進行後續的治療性溝通。
The nurse’s priority action is to stay with the client and provide a calm, low-stimulus environment to ensure safety and reduce anxiety. Direct presence offers immediate reassurance and helps stabilize the client’s physiological arousal, whereas teaching or discussing fears is ineffective during the peak of a panic attack.