— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
哪些藥物具腎毒性，需要監測肌酸酐（Creatinine）濃度？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following medications are known to be nephrotoxic and require creatinine level monitoring? (Select all that apply.)
- AVancomycin✓ 正解Vancomycin（萬古黴素）
- BGentamicin✓ 正解Gentamicin（慶大黴素）
- CIbuprofen✓ 正解Ibuprofen（布洛芬）
- DAmoxicillinAmoxicillin（阿莫西林）
- EAcetaminophenAcetaminophen（乙醯胺酚）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）與慶大黴素（Gentamicin，屬於氨基糖苷類）均為已知具腎毒性的抗生素。非類固醇抗發炎藥（Ibuprofen）則透過抑制前列腺素導致腎血流量減少，長期使用具腎毒性。Amoxicillin 與 Acetaminophen 則主要非以此機轉損傷腎臟。
Vancomycin and gentamicin are well-known nephrotoxic agents that require close monitoring of renal function. Ibuprofen, an NSAID, can also cause kidney damage by reducing renal blood flow through prostaglandin inhibition. In contrast, amoxicillin and acetaminophen are not typically associated with significant nephrotoxicity at standard therapeutic doses.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆對這類高風險藥物在給藥時有嚴格的劑量調整 protocol，特別是針對高齡或腎功能不良者。