病人正準備接受 20 mEq 氯化鉀溶於 100 mL 生理食鹽水的靜脈輸注。給藥前最重要的護理評估為何？
A client is receiving an IV infusion of Potassium Chloride 20 mEq in 100 mL of 0.9% Normal Saline. What is the most critical nursing assessment before initiating the infusion?
- AUrine output✓ 正解尿量
- BBlood pressure血壓
- CRespiratory rate呼吸頻率
- DSerum potassium level血清鉀濃度
靜脈補充氯化鉀是高警訊藥物（High-alert medication）。給藥前最關鍵的評估是腎功能，即尿量（Urine output）。因為鉀離子主要經由腎臟排泄，若腎功能衰竭或尿量過少，補充鉀離子會迅速導致高血鉀，嚴重危及生命。雖然血清鉀濃度（Serum potassium）也必須檢測，但若缺乏腎功能排泄的保證，即便血鉀值低，輸注仍有極大風險。
Intravenous potassium chloride is a high-alert medication. The most critical assessment before administration is renal function, that is, urine output. Because potassium is excreted primarily by the kidneys, if renal function is impaired or urine output is too low, potassium supplementation rapidly causes life-threatening hyperkalemia. Although the serum potassium level must also be checked, even a low serum potassium does not guarantee safe infusion without assured renal excretion.