— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師指導服用華法林（Warfarin）的病人，下列哪項陳述顯示病人對治療有正確理解？
A nurse is educating a client starting warfarin therapy. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the treatment?
- AI should use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent bleeding✓ 正解我應該使用軟毛牙刷以防止出血
- BI will notify my provider if my stools appear orange如果我的糞便呈現橘色，我會通知醫師
- CI can take aspirin if I develop a headache如果我頭痛，我可以服用阿斯匹靈
- DI will increase my intake of dark leafy green vegetables我會增加深色葉菜類的攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
華法林為抗凝血劑，主要副作用為出血。使用軟毛牙刷可減少牙齦受傷引發出血風險。深綠色蔬菜（維生素 K）應保持穩定攝取量，不可大幅波動；阿斯匹靈具抗血小板功能會增加出血危險；橘色糞便非異常，黑色瀝青樣便才需回報。
Using a soft-bristled toothbrush helps minimize the risk of gingival bleeding, a common side effect of warfarin therapy. Clients should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods rather than increasing or decreasing them abruptly, as fluctuations affect INR stability. Aspirin should be avoided due to increased bleeding risk, and black, tarry stools indicate gastrointestinal bleeding requiring immediate provider notification.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於抗凝血衛教核心一致，皆強調 INR 監測及出血徵象辨識。