— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備給藥時,哪項安全措施在預防給藥錯誤中最有效?
A nurse is preparing to administer medication. Which safety measure is most effective in preventing medication errors?
- AReviewing the physician's order history檢視醫師的醫囑歷史
- BChecking the client's room number檢查病人的房間號碼
- CAsking the client their name詢問病人的姓名
- DUsing two client identifiers✓ 正解使用兩項病人識別資訊
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
給藥安全是病人安全目標(National Patient Safety Goals, NPSG)的核心。為了避免藥物給錯病人,護理師必須執行「雙重確認」機制。僅詢問姓名或看床號非常危險,因為病人可能意識不清、姓名相似或床位更動。美國醫療體系強制要求使用兩個辨識碼(例如姓名與出生日期),並與病人的腕帶資訊核對。
Using two unique client identifiers, such as name and date of birth, is the most effective safety measure to prevent medication errors. Relying on room numbers or asking only for a name is insufficient, especially if the client is confused or names are similar.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院亦推行雙辨識,但在美國臨床中,護理師通常會使用「條碼給藥系統(Barcode Medication Administration, BCMA)」,掃描病人腕帶與藥物條碼,這是最有效的安全措施。