— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin），發現病人臉部與頸部潮紅。優先行動為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer Vancomycin 1g IVPB to a client. The nurse observes the client's face and neck flushing. Which action is priority?
- AStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
- BIncrease the IV fluid rate增加靜脈輸液速率
- CAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- DDocument the finding as an allergic reaction將此發現記錄為過敏反應
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現為紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），通常是因為輸注速度過快引發組織胺釋放。處置應立即暫停輸注，待症狀緩解後，依照醫囑以較慢速度重新給藥。Antihistamine 雖可緩解，但非第一動作；此非過敏反應，故不應記錄為過敏。
The client is experiencing Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion, rather than a true allergy. The priority action is to stop the infusion immediately to halt further histamine release, then restart at a slower rate once symptoms resolve.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師對藥物輸注速率有較高的自主決策權，台灣則需依照醫囑修正後的頻率重新給藥。