— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
病人正處於癲癇重積狀態（Status epilepticus），哪種藥物是優先處理措施？
A client is experiencing status epilepticus. Which medication is the priority intervention?
- AValproic acid丙戊酸
- BPhenytoin苯妥英
- CPhenobarbital苯巴比妥
- DLorazepam✓ 正解勞拉西泮
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
癲癇重積狀態為醫療急症，首選藥物為苯二氮平類藥物（Benzodiazepines），如 Lorazepam 或 Diazepam，因為這類藥物能快速進入腦部並透過 GABA 系統抑制過度放電。Phenytoin 為長期控制藥物，發作時無法快速見效。
Status epilepticus is a medical emergency requiring rapid seizure termination. Benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam, are the first-line treatment because they act quickly to suppress excessive neuronal firing via the GABA system. Other medications like phenytoin or valproic acid are typically used for maintenance or as second-line agents due to slower onset of action.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地在急診室對於癲癇重積狀態的用藥流程高度一致，均優先給予 Benzodiazepine。