一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的病人準備接受手術。護理師觀察到病人反覆走動且對手術表現出持續的擔憂。護理師最優先應採取哪項介入措施？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder is admitted for surgery. The nurse notes the client is pacing and expressing persistent worry about the procedure. Which initial nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- AAssign a family member to stay with the client constantly指派家屬 constant 陪伴病人
- BProvide a detailed explanation of the surgical procedure提供詳細的手術程序說明
- CEncourage the client to talk about their specific fears✓ 正解鼓勵病人談論其具體的恐懼
- DAdminister the prescribed PRN anti-anxiety medication給予處方上的按需（PRN）抗焦慮藥物
面對焦慮的初期處置應是主動傾聽與溝通，幫助病人辨識焦慮源。A藥物應在非藥物治療無效後使用，非優先；C過於詳細的解釋可能增加病人的焦慮負荷；A雖有支持作用，但護理師應先建立專業治療性關係，而非僅將責任轉移給家屬。
The most appropriate initial intervention for an anxious client is to encourage them to talk about their specific fears, as active listening helps identify the source of anxiety and promotes emotional relief. While family support is beneficial, the nurse must first establish a therapeutic relationship, and excessive information or immediate medication is not the first-line approach for managing preoperative anxiety.
美台護理教育均強調治療性溝通，但在台灣高負荷臨床環境中，護理師常需更精準分配溝通時間。