— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人被處方需要監測高峰和最低藥物濃度的抗生素。監測此項的主要理由是？
A client is prescribed an antibiotic that requires monitoring of peak and trough levels. Which of the following is the primary rationale for this monitoring?
- ATo detect immediate allergic reactions.檢測立即性過敏反應。
- BTo assess the client's kidney function.評估客戶的腎功能。
- CTo determine the duration of treatment.確定治療持續時間。
- DTo ensure the drug is effective and to minimize toxicity.✓ 正解確保藥物有效性並最小化毒性。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
監測抗生素的高峰和最低藥物濃度 (peak and trough levels) 是為了確保藥物濃度維持在治療範圍內，既能有效殺死細菌，又避免濃度過高導致毒性反應。這對於某些狹窄治療窗的抗生素（如萬古黴素、氨基糖苷類）尤其重要。
Monitoring peak and trough levels ensures that antibiotic concentrations remain within the therapeutic range to effectively kill bacteria while preventing toxicity. This practice is critical for drugs with a narrow therapeutic window, such as vancomycin and aminoglycosides.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國的藥師在藥物濃度監測中扮演重要角色；台灣的藥師也參與，但臨床決策可能更依賴醫師。