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生理適應 · HARD · SATA

病人診斷為抗利尿激素分泌異常症候群(SIADH),護理計畫應包含哪些措施?(選所有適合的)

A client is diagnosed with SIADH. Which nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

  • ARestrict fluid intake✓ 正解
    限制水分攝取
  • BAdminister hypertonic saline IV✓ 正解
    靜脈注射高張鹽水
  • CMonitor for signs of fluid overload✓ 正解
    監測體液過量跡象
  • DEncourage a high-sodium diet
    鼓勵高鈉飲食
  • EMaintain the head of the bed in a flat position
    保持床頭平臥位
Explanation · 中文詳解

抗利尿激素分泌異常症候群(SIADH)導致水份過度滯留與稀釋性低血鈉(Dilutional hyponatremia)。護理目標為減輕水份負荷並提升血鈉濃度,避免腦水腫。治療策略包括嚴格限制水份攝取、使用高張鹽水(Hypertonic saline)以矯正嚴重的低血鈉,並密切監測體液過量症狀(如呼吸音變化、體重增加)。

SIADH causes water retention and dilutional hyponatremia, so nursing interventions focus on reducing fluid overload and correcting sodium levels. Key actions include strict fluid restriction, administering hypertonic saline for severe hyponatremia, and closely monitoring for signs of fluid overload such as weight gain or respiratory changes.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國臨床對於 3% 高張鹽水的給藥非常謹慎,通常需在 ICU 監測下由輸液幫浦給予,且需定期監測電解質以防止血鈉上升速度過快,導致滲透性脫髓鞘症候群(Osmotic demyelination syndrome)。

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