— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人疑診腦膜炎，需要何種隔離？
A client is diagnosed with suspected meningitis. What type of isolation is required?
- AContact接觸隔離
- BStandard標準隔離
- CDroplet✓ 正解飛沫隔離
- DAirborne空氣隔離
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
腦膜炎（尤其是細菌性腦膜炎，如腦膜炎雙球菌）是經由鼻咽分泌物透過飛沫傳播。因此，病人需要採取「飛沫隔離」（Droplet precautions），醫護人員需配戴外科口罩，且病人安置於私人病房。直到給予適當抗生素治療 24 小時後，才可考慮解除隔離。
Suspected bacterial meningitis requires droplet precautions because the pathogen spreads via large respiratory droplets from the nasopharynx. Healthcare providers must wear surgical masks, and the patient should be placed in a private room until they have received appropriate antibiotic therapy for at least 24 hours. This isolation prevents transmission to other patients and staff.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對腦膜炎的防護指引一致，台灣疾管署對於此類傳染病亦有明確的通報與隔離規範。