— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一名 55 歲客戶詢問大腸癌篩檢資訊，護理師應基於現行指引提供何種建議？
A 55-year-old client asks the nurse about colorectal cancer screening. Which recommendation should the nurse provide based on current guidelines?
- AFecal occult blood test every 5 years每五年一次糞便潛血檢查
- BColonoscopy every 10 years✓ 正解每十年一次大腸鏡檢查
- CSigmoidoscopy every 2 years每兩年一次乙狀結腸鏡檢查
- DBarium enema every 3 years每三年一次鋇劑灌腸檢查
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據美國預防服務工作小組（USPSTF）指引，一般風險族群從 45 歲開始建議篩檢，大腸鏡檢查若結果正常，建議每 10 年進行一次。糞便潛血檢查（FIT）通常建議每年執行，而非 5 年。乙狀結腸鏡檢查通常與糞便檢查合併，間隔較長，單獨使用頻率非 2 年。鋇劑灌腸已非主流篩檢工具。
According to USPSTF guidelines, average-risk adults should begin colorectal cancer screening at age 45. A colonoscopy is considered the gold standard screening method and, if results are normal, should be repeated every 10 years, whereas fecal occult blood tests are typically recommended annually.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣國健署建議 50-74 歲每兩年一次免費糞便潛血，美國則涵蓋大腸鏡且年齡提早至 45 歲。