— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照顧一位 SIADH（抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群）的病患。下列哪些護理措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone). Which nursing interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- ARestrict fluid intake✓ 正解限制水分攝取
- BMonitor serum sodium levels✓ 正解監測血清鈉濃度
- CEncourage high-sodium diet鼓勵高鈉飲食
- DWeigh the client daily✓ 正解每日稱量病人體重
- EAdminister aggressive IV fluid resuscitation給予積極的靜脈輸液復甦
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
SIADH 導致水份滯留與稀釋性低血鈉。治療核心在於限制水份攝取以平衡滲透壓、嚴密監測血鈉濃度以防癲癇，以及透過體重變化評估水份蓄積狀況。E 選項會加重水腫與低血鈉，絕對禁止。C 選項並非主要治療方式，重點在於限制水份。
Appropriate interventions for SIADH include restricting fluid intake to correct hyponatremia, monitoring serum sodium levels to prevent neurological complications, and weighing the client daily to assess fluid retention. Aggressive IV fluids are contraindicated as they exacerbate water intoxication, and dietary sodium changes are secondary to fluid management.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對 SIADH 的處理原則一致，但在給予高張鹽水（3% NaCl）時，美國護理師常需在 ICU 嚴格監測滴速。