護理師照護一位庫欣氏症候群病人。哪些發現與此診斷一致？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which findings are consistent with this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
- AMoon face✓ 正解月亮臉
- BHypoglycemia低血糖
- CPurple striae on the abdomen✓ 正解腹部紫紋
- DBuffalo hump✓ 正解水牛肩
- EHypotension低血壓
庫欣氏症候群（Cushing's syndrome）是由於身體長期暴露於過高濃度的皮質醇（cortisol）所引起的。這可能是由於腎上腺皮質腫瘤、垂體腫瘤（庫欣氏病, Cushing's disease）分泌過多促腎上腺皮質激素（ACTH），或長期使用外源性糖皮質激素所致。皮質醇過量會對身體多個系統產生廣泛影響，導致一系列特徵性的臨床表現。 這些表現包括脂肪重新分佈、蛋白質分解增加、免疫功能受損、骨質流失、血糖升高和血壓升高。護理師必須能夠識別這些典型的身體變化和生理異常，因為它們是診斷和監測庫欣氏症候群的重要依據。對這些徵兆的了解有助於早期發現、評估疾病進展，並指導護理介入措施。
Cushing's syndrome is caused by prolonged exposure of the body to excessive cortisol. This may result from an adrenocortical tumor, a pituitary tumor (Cushing's disease) secreting excessive ACTH, or long-term use of exogenous glucocorticoids. Excess cortisol has widespread effects on multiple body systems, producing a series of characteristic clinical manifestations. These manifestations include fat redistribution, increased protein catabolism, impaired immune function, bone loss, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The nurse must be able to recognize these typical physical changes and physiologic abnormalities, as they are important for diagnosing and monitoring Cushing's syndrome. Familiarity with these signs supports early detection, evaluation of disease progression, and guidance of nursing interventions.
庫欣氏症候群的臨床表現和診斷標準在台灣與美國是高度一致的。兩地護理師在評估病人時，都會特別留意月亮臉、水牛肩、紫紋、高血糖和高血壓等典型症狀。在治療方面，兩地皆以手術切除腫瘤或調整類固醇劑量為主。護理重點如監測血糖、血壓、電解質和皮膚完整性，也無顯著差異。