— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備同時施打 10 單位常規胰島素（Regular）與 20 單位 NPH 胰島素。護理師應先採取哪項行動？
A nurse is preparing to administer 10 units of regular insulin and 20 units of NPH insulin. Which action should the nurse take first?
- ADraw up the NPH insulin first先抽取 NPH 胰島素
- BInject air into the NPH vial first✓ 正解先向 NPH 藥瓶中注入空氣
- CInject air into the regular vial first先向常規胰島素藥瓶中注入空氣
- DDraw up the regular insulin first先抽取常規胰島素
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
混合胰島素的標準流程是「清到濁」。順序為：先往 NPH（濁）瓶內注入空氣，再往 Regular（清）瓶內注入空氣，接著抽取 Regular 藥液，最後抽取 NPH 藥液。這樣可以防止 NPH 污染 Regular 瓶，確保速效特性不被改變。
When mixing insulins, the nurse should follow the 'clear to cloudy' rule to prevent contaminating the regular insulin vial with intermediate-acting NPH insulin. The first step is to inject air into the NPH vial without withdrawing any medication, followed by injecting air into the regular vial, then drawing up the regular insulin, and finally the NPH insulin.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美在混合胰島素的原則一致，但美國臨床已廣泛使用預填式胰島素筆（Pen），自行混合清濁胰島素的情況較少。