— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人被開立 ACE 抑制劑治療高血壓，護理師應指導病人若出現哪種副作用需立即回報？
A client is prescribed an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Which side effect should the nurse instruct the client to report immediately?
- AMild dry cough輕微乾咳
- BFacial swelling and difficulty breathing✓ 正解臉部腫脹和呼吸困難
- CDizziness upon standing站立時頭暈
- DIncreased potassium levels鉀離子濃度升高
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
ACE 抑制劑可能引起血管性水腫（Angioedema），這是一種危及生命的過敏反應，表現為面部、舌頭及喉嚨腫脹，導致呼吸道阻塞。雖然乾咳也是常見副作用，但不會立即危及生命。姿勢性低血壓則是需衛教預防的常見藥物反應，而非致命性急症。
ACE inhibitors can cause angioedema, a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction characterized by swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat that may obstruct the airway. While a dry cough is a common side effect, facial swelling and difficulty breathing require immediate medical attention to prevent respiratory compromise.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對 ACEI 引發的血管性水腫處置均高度重視，皆列為藥物衛教的關鍵紅旗警訊。