— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
對於疑似肺栓塞 (PE) 的病人，應優先採取哪項護理措施？
Which intervention should be prioritized for a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism (PE)?
- AAdminister oral anticoagulants給予口服抗凝血劑
- BPrepare for a chest X-ray準備進行胸部X光檢查
- CEncourage early ambulation鼓勵早期下床活動
- DAdminister oxygen therapy✓ 正解給予氧氣治療
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺栓塞 (Pulmonary embolism, PE) 是一種嚴重且潛在致命的疾病，通常是血栓從深部靜脈栓塞 (DVT) 脫落後，經血流到達肺動脈並阻塞血流，導致肺部通氣與灌流失衡，造成低血氧症 (hypoxemia)。對於疑似肺栓塞的病人，維持充足的氧合是首要任務，因為缺氧會迅速惡化並危及生命。護理師應根據 ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) 原則，優先處理呼吸和循環支持。給予氧氣可以改善血氧飽和度，減輕心肺負擔，為進一步診斷和治療爭取時間。
Administering oxygen is the priority intervention to address hypoxemia caused by ventilation-perfusion mismatch in pulmonary embolism. This stabilizes the patient's respiratory status while preparing for further diagnostic evaluation and treatment.