— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為病人執行無菌換藥，下列哪些行為符合無菌技術原則？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning care for a client who requires a sterile dressing change. Which actions are necessary to maintain medical and surgical asepsis? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the sterile field above the waist level✓ 正解維持無菌區域在腰部以上
- BReach across the sterile field if necessary for efficiency必要時跨越無菌區域
- CConsider the one-inch border of the sterile drape as contaminated✓ 正解將無菌單布的一吋邊緣視為已污染
- DOpen the outermost flap of the sterile package away from the body✓ 正解將無菌包裝最外層掀開的方向朝向遠離身體處
- EPlace the sterile package on a dry, waist-high surface✓ 正解將無菌包裝放置在乾燥且與腰部同高的表面上
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
無菌技術在臨床極為重要。無菌區域必須維持在腰部以上，確保視野可見。操作時手不可跨越無菌區以防汙染。無菌包裝的最外層一英吋邊緣被視為已汙染。開啟包裝時，第一片蓋子應向遠端開啟。桌面需乾燥且高度合適，避免潮濕導致毛細現象造成汙染。
To maintain asepsis, the sterile field must be kept at waist level or above and within sight. The one-inch border of sterile drapes is considered contaminated, and packages should be opened away from the body on a dry surface to prevent contamination.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美兩地在外科與換藥技術標準基本一致，但台灣臨床常因物資限制，在環境清潔維持上更需護理師多加留意。