— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師評估一位急性胰臟炎病人，應預期出現哪些臨床症狀？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
- ASudden onset of mid-epigastric pain radiating to the back✓ 正解中上腹部突然發作並輻射至背部的疼痛
- BHypoactive bowel sounds✓ 正解腸蠕動減弱
- CJaundice黃疸
- DCullen's sign✓ 正解Cullen 徵象
- EHyperglycemia✓ 正解高血糖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎常見表現：A. 突發中上腹疼痛放射至背部（典型）；B. 腸蠕動減弱（hypoactive bowel sounds，因腹膜刺激或麻痺性腸阻塞）；D. Cullen's sign（肚臍周圍瘀斑，因腹內出血血液擴散至筋膜）；E. 高血糖（胰島細胞受損影響胰島素分泌）。錯誤：C. Jaundice（黃疸）較常見於膽管阻塞或膽結石，雖可能伴隨胰臟炎但非典型胰臟炎症狀。
Acute pancreatitis typically presents with sudden mid-epigastric pain radiating to the back, hypoactive bowel sounds due to ileus, Cullen's sign indicating intra-abdominal hemorrhage, and hyperglycemia from islet cell damage. Jaundice is less specific and more commonly associated with biliary obstruction rather than being a primary sign of pancreatitis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
臨床對於胰臟炎的腹部評估與監測標準全球通用。