— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位執行人工髖關節置換術後的病人，下列哪些護理措施能預防髖關節脫位？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which nursing actions are appropriate to prevent hip dislocation? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain hip abduction using an abduction pillow✓ 正解使用外展枕維持髖關節外展
- BAvoid bending the hip beyond 90 degrees✓ 正解避免髖關節彎曲超過90度
- CEncourage the client to cross legs while sitting鼓勵病人在坐著時交叉雙腿
- DUse an elevated toilet seat✓ 正解使用加高的馬桶座圈
- EPlace a small pillow under the knees for comfort在膝蓋下方放置小枕頭以增加舒適感
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人工髖關節術後需維持關節穩定以防脫位。正確姿勢包含維持髖部外展、避免髖關節屈曲超過 90 度，以及使用加高馬桶座減少彎腰角度。交叉腿會導致關節脫位風險增加，膝下放置枕頭亦可能導致髖部過度屈曲，均需嚴格避免。
To prevent hip dislocation after total hip arthroplasty, the nurse should maintain hip abduction with a pillow, avoid flexing the hip beyond 90 degrees, and use an elevated toilet seat. These actions minimize stress on the prosthesis, while crossing legs or placing pillows under the knees increases dislocation risk.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫療機構多強調輔具使用與物理治療衛教；台灣術後初期復健較為保守，護理師需在病房更頻繁確認姿勢。