— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師指導一位肺結核病人預防疾病傳播，哪項資訊最優先？
A nurse is teaching a client about preventing the spread of tuberculosis. Which information is priority?
- ADisinfect household surfaces daily每日消毒家居表面
- BFollow the medication regimen strictly✓ 正解嚴格遵循用藥計畫
- CCover mouth with a tissue when coughing咳嗽時用紙巾遮住口鼻
- DWear a mask when around others在他人面前佩戴口罩
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
結核病（TB）的控制關鍵在於斷絕傳染鏈。病人若能嚴格遵守抗結核藥物治療（DOTS，直接觀察治療），通常在服藥 2-3 週後，痰液中的細菌量會大幅下降，傳染力隨之喪失。因此，確保病人「嚴格服藥」是預防結核病傳播最有效、最優先的護理目標。其他如配戴口罩或消毒僅是輔助手段，若病人不服藥，細菌持續複製與突變，傳染風險將長期存在。
Strict adherence to the antituberculosis medication regimen is the priority because it effectively reduces the bacterial load and renders the client non-infectious within weeks. While measures like masking and hygiene are helpful, they are secondary to the definitive control of transmission achieved through pharmacotherapy.