— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
在大量傷患事件中，護理師應優先評估哪位病人？
Which of the following clients should the nurse prioritize to see first during a mass casualty incident?
- AA client with a closed femur fracture in pain一位患有疼痛的閉鎖性股骨骨折患者
- BA client with 2nd-degree burns on the arms一位手臂有二度燒傷的患者
- CA client with a superficial laceration on the forehead一位前額有表淺撕裂傷的患者
- DA client with an open chest wound and difficulty breathing✓ 正解一位有開放性胸部創傷且呼吸困難的患者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
大量傷患（Mass Casualty Incident）檢傷分類（Triage）必須遵循「救命優先」原則。根據 START（Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment）分類法，呼吸困難且有開放性胸部創傷的病人屬於「紅色標籤（Immediate）」，因為這可能迅速進展為張力性氣胸，若不立即處理呼吸道與通氣問題，病人將在短時間內因缺氧或休克死亡。
Triage in a mass casualty incident must follow the 'life-saving first' principle. Under the START (Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment) system, a client with an open chest wound and breathing difficulty is classified as 'Red' (Immediate), as this may rapidly progress to tension pneumothorax; without immediate airway and ventilation management, the client may die quickly from hypoxia or shock.