— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
哪些評估結果應讓護理師警覺病人出現萬古黴素誘導的「紅人症候群」？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings should alert the nurse to potential vancomycin-induced Red Man Syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- BFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解臉部與頸部潮紅
- CPruritus✓ 正解搔癢
- DRespiratory distress呼吸困難
- EGeneralized urticaria全身性蕁麻疹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）是萬古黴素輸注過快導致組織胺釋放所致。典型表現為臉部、頸部與胸部潮紅、瘙癢與低血壓。呼吸窘迫與全身性蕁麻疹則較傾向於真正的過敏反應（Anaphylaxis），而非單純的紅人症。
Red Man Syndrome is caused by rapid histamine release during vancomycin infusion, leading to flushing of the face and neck, pruritus, and hypotension. These symptoms distinguish it from anaphylaxis, which would present with respiratory distress and generalized urticaria.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地處理原則相似，皆建議暫停輸注並減慢後續滴速，台灣醫院對抗組織胺藥物的給藥權限較嚴格需醫師處方。