一位患有廣泛性焦慮症的 45 歲病人來到診所，主訴心悸、呼吸急促和強烈的瀕死感。護理師應優先採取的介入措施為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the clinic with reports of heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and a sense of impending doom. Which intervention is the highest priority for the nurse?
- AEncourage the client to discuss recent life stressors鼓勵病人討論近期的生活壓力源
- BRemain with the client and maintain a calm, quiet environment✓ 正解留在病人身邊並維持安靜平和的環境
- CTeach the client deep breathing exercises教導病人深呼吸練習
- DAdminister an as-needed dose of an anxiolytic給予適量處方的鎮靜劑
面對急性焦慮發作（驚恐發作）的個案，護理師的首要任務是確保個案的安全並降低焦慮刺激。保持現場陪同並營造安靜、低干擾的環境，能提供個案安全感並降低其神經系統的過度喚醒狀態。深呼吸練習雖有效，但需在個案情緒稍微平穩後進行；談論壓力源可能加重其當下的焦慮感；給藥為後續處置。
During an acute panic attack, the highest priority is to ensure client safety by remaining present and maintaining a calm, quiet environment to reduce sensory stimulation. Teaching coping strategies or discussing stressors is ineffective while the client is in a heightened state of anxiety, and medication administration is secondary to immediate environmental stabilization.
台美護理實務對於驚恐發作的處理均強調「陪伴」與「安全」，但台灣臨床常優先考慮醫師開立抗焦慮藥物輔助，美國則更強調非藥物護理措施的先期介入。