— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位使用外固定器的病人，哪些護理措施對降低風險至關重要？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with an external fixation device. Which nursing actions are essential to reduce risk? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform pin site care using aseptic technique✓ 正解以無菌技術執行骨釘處置護理
- BMonitor for signs of infection at pin sites✓ 正解監測骨釘處是否有感染跡象
- CAdjust the pins to ensure better alignment調整骨釘以確保較佳的對位
- DAssess distal neurovascular status frequently✓ 正解頻繁評估遠端神經血管狀態
- EApply lotion to the pins to prevent skin cracking在骨釘上塗抹乳液以防止皮膚乾裂
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
外固定器的主要風險為骨釘處感染（pin site infection）及肢體循環損害。採用無菌技術進行護理、密切監測感染徵象（紅腫熱痛膿）及評估肢體末端神經血管狀況（6P徵象）是核心護理。不可自行調整骨釘，亦不可隨意塗抹乳液以免引入感染。
Nursing care for external fixation devices focuses on preventing pin site infections through aseptic technique and monitoring for signs of inflammation or drainage. Frequent neurovascular assessments are critical to detect complications like compartment syndrome, while adjusting pins or applying lotions is contraindicated.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對骨釘照護的指引趨向一致，多強調以無菌生理食鹽水或優碘進行清潔。