— 照護管理 · EASY · MCQ —
下列哪種情境要求護理師填寫正式醫院異常通報單？
Which situation requires the nurse to complete a formal hospital incident report?
- AA visiting family member slips on a wet floor in the room but catches themselves with no injury.✓ 正解探視家屬在房間潮濕地板上滑倒，但及時撐住未受傷
- BA newly admitted psychiatric client shouts profanities at the television.新入院的精神科病人對著電視機髒話連篇
- CAn alert competent oncology client formally refuses their morning pain medication.清醒且具決策能力的腫瘤科病人正式拒絕晨間止痛藥物
- DThe physician changes the client's surgery from Monday to Tuesday for staffing reasons.醫師因人力配置因素將病人手術日期從週一改至週二
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
事件報告（incident report）涵蓋實際傷害事件與「跡近錯失（near-miss）」。 選項 A 正確：訪客在濕地板上滑倒（即使無傷）屬 near-miss，需通報以利風險管理檢討地板防滑與標示。 選項 C：清醒病人拒藥屬自主權行使，記錄於病歷不需 incident report。 選項 D：手術改期屬行政變動。 選項 B：精神科病人語言行為屬病情表現，依精神科照護紀錄。
Incident reports cover actual harm events and near-miss events. B correct: Visitor slipping on a wet floor (even without injury) is a near-miss requiring report for risk management to review floor cleaning and signage. A: Competent client refusal is autonomy—chart it, no incident report. C: Surgery rescheduling is an administrative change. D: Psych client behavior is documented in psych care notes.
✦ 台美臨床差異
Near-miss (無傷害的意外) 必須寫 Incident report，此為考點。